Which type(s) of lamps used to excite the lasing medium must be enclosed in housing that can withstand an explosion?

The high-pressure arc lamps are used in many laser systems because they produce a substantial amount of energy in a compact form, which is essential for exciting the lasing medium efficiently. However, high-pressure lamps also operate at elevated temperatures and pressures, making them susceptible to explosive failure if the lamp were to break or malfunction. Enclosing these lamps in robust housing is crucial to contain any fragments or gases released in such an event, thereby ensuring safety for users and protecting the surrounding environment.

Filament lamps, while they may operate at high temperatures, do not pose the same risk of explosion as high-pressure lamps. They typically function at lower pressures and do not have the same combustion potential. Therefore, the housing requirements for filament lamps are not as stringent as for high-pressure arc lamps.

Low-pressure arc lamps also do not require the same explosion-resistant housing as high-pressure lamps, as their operation characteristics are different, involving lower temperatures and pressures.

LEDs, on the other hand, have a very different operation method, involving solid-state technology that does not generate the high pressures associated with gas discharge lamps, and hence do not necessitate explosion-proof housing.

In conclusion, high-pressure arc lamps are the primary type that must be housed in explosion-resistant enclosures due to their